Okey, jom kita tulis artikel. Biasanya pelajar-pelajar master atau pelajar phd biasanya diwajibkan untuk menulis artikel untuk diterbitkan. jadi kita boleh saya boleh ajar serba ringkas ya bagaimana kita nak tulis artikel yang baik, yang boleh kita terbitkan. jadi kepada pelajar yang belum pernah terbit dia akan rasa banggalah Biasanya artikel dalam jurnal atau bab dalam buku, biasanya hampir sama. Jadi kita ada di sini, kita ada tajuk. Tajuk mestilah yang menarik ya, menarik sehingga orang nak baca artikel kita, kita sertakan abstrak, abstrak kita, terpulanglah kepada jurnal tersebut yang mempunyai berapa patah perkataan. kadang-kadang 250 hingga 30. kemudian ada pengenalan, ada sorotan kajian. sorotan kajian ni terpulang kepada penulis masing-masing. Kadang-kadang dia tak letak perkataan sorotan kajian, dia letak tajuk! macam contoh untuk animasi cerita rakyat dia letak tu, dalam tu yang merupakan sorotan kajian. kemudian ada metodologi, keputusan dan perbincangan, kesimpulan dan rujukan. bukan bibliografi dah, rujukan. Jadi dalam-dalam yang ini kita ni, Memula kita fokus kepada tajuk, tajuk tu kenalah menarik. Biasanya tajuk tu kalau jurnal ke, artikel ke biasanya tak boleh lebih daripada 20 patah perkataan. Jadi abstrak ini kita kata, kita kalau tulis dalam bahasa Melayu tulis surat BM bahasa Melayu disertakan dengan abstrak bahasa Inggeris supaya ia lebih jelas. dalam abstrak ini kita akan letak macam contohnya ayat, ayat akhir lebih kurang lima ayat, lima empat atau lima ayat macam ayat mukadimah lah ni, mukadimah ni contohnya Kita letak seperti latar belakang dan juga masalah yang dihadapi lah. masalah kajian sehingga timbulnya kita nak buat kajian ini. Ayat ini diikuti dengan ayat objektif kemudian ada metodologi. metodologi ni Kita kena letak la.Kalau ada sampel, sampel dan seterusnya ialah lokasi. kita ada siapa. Kalau tak ada tak payah letak, macam tu. lokasi kemudian semualah sehinggalah ke kir.i prosedur kena ada, cara analisis macam mana, analisis kena ada, kemudian daripada huraian sini kita letakkan kita punya keputusan. keputusan kajian kita tu kita letak dalam abstrak inilah. Kita letakkan keputusan dan ayat akhir kita akan letak apa yang awak harapkan dalam kajian akan datang. diharapkan kajian akan datang akan memberi Fokus kepada Apa dia Apa dia. ayat akhir mesti ada. kemudian disertai dengan kata kunci. Okey kata kunci biasanya ada lima. kata kunci ada lima dan diteruskan dengan pengenalan.
Biasanya pengenalan ini pengenalan ini awak boleh letak dalam lebih kurang ialah kita nak berkenal ni kita letaklah kita punya latarbelakang kita. kita nak ceritalah tentang apa nama awak ni, ciri-ciri apa benda yang berkaitan dengan tajuk cerita tu tadi. jadi pengenalan ni kadang-kadang awak letak dalam satu perenggan. Ini agak penting kerana ada jurnal yang dia sangat-sangat, peraturan dia sangat ketat ya. pengenalan ni adalah orang, ada orang letak dalam bentuk sorotan pula dalam tu. jadi itu yang kena reject, jadi terpulang kepada jurnal yang ada. yang adalah Terpulang, baca balik apa arahan yang diberi, dia satu perenggan ni letak macam latar belakang tersebut kemudian masuk yang sorotan. jadi ini satu perenggan di atas sorotan tu tadi macam saya kata tak boleh letak kata sorotan kajian ataupun letak tajuk dia. macam contohnya animasi cerita rakyat. boleh antara dua. jadi disorotkan. yang ini awak letak dalam empat perenggan. Okey letak dalam empat perenggan yang mempunyai sorotan kajian lima tahun ke belakang sahaja. Okey? 5 tahun kebelakang dan juga perlu kriti, jangan macam saya ajar dalam bab 2. Kalau tak kritis kan, dia berdiri dengan sendiri je. Tak boleh macam tu maknanya letak yang kritis. maknanya bila huraian dalam satu perenggan tu ada satu nama Komunis sokonglah dengan kajian-kajian yang lain selari ke hampir sama ke apa sokong letak kat situ juga letak yang negatif juga yang seperti kajian ini orang kata pembunuh kajian oleh normaliza abd Rahim 2019 didapati orang kata tidak bersetuju, tidak setuju dengan Kajian yang dijalankan oleh ni ni ni ni, letakkan kenapa dia tak setuju tu. Kena! itu namanya kritis, mencari persamaan dan perbezaan okey. Okey? Ini dah empat, empat perenggan dah kemudian kita masuk, sebelum habis je pada sorotan kajian itu, ada ayat objektif. ayat objektif ya, bukan satu subtopik. Biasanya ayat sahaja, dalam satu ayat iaitu kata, justeru kajian ini ialah justeru daripada sorotan, masalah kajian itu semua, sini ada jurang penyelidikan dan sini semua dia ada jurang penyelidikan. Jadi justeru kajian ini ingin mengenal pasti dan membincangkan Apa dia, Apa dia, Apa dia, Apa dia. tak payah je. jadi ini satu ayat iaitu selepas sorotan kajian. makna ni dah perenggan lain, Ini perenggan baru. Jadi ini perenggan lainlah/ Okey perenggan lain, jadi perenggan tu ada satu je ayat. dia kena terus masuk tajuk metodologi. Metodologi ni awak kena lengkapkanlah, semua yang ada dekat dalam metodologi.
Huraikan. awak kena huraikan macam sebijik yang ada sebiji dalam dalam tesis tu lah. ada sampel, ada lokasi, ada prosedur, ada analisis, ada bahan. kalau misalnya ada bahan tu, awak kena letak pula sinopsis bahan ialah sinopsis novel contohnya. sinopsis cerpen contohnya, sinopsis apa saja. kita kena ada lah ni semua. Jadi ini ada prosedur, ini ada analisis ,ini boleh rujuk. rujuk balik dalam bab metodologi penulisan tesis letak kat dalam ni, kemudian Barulah masuk tajuk keputusan dan perbincangan. jadi keputusan dan perbincangan ini yang ni tadi teori pun ada ya dalam metodologi. keputusan perbincangan ini dia punya subtajuk kenalah, kalau dia tanya ikut kiri subtajuk mesti mengikut teorilah.Ccontohnya kandungan dalam interaksi perbualan contohnya. jadi maknanya tajuk-tajuk ini, tajuk ini merupakan daripada teori. Lepas tu adalah lagi konteks dalam interaksi perbualan. dalam interaksi perbualan haa begitu. jadi Adalah dia tu, huraian dia dalam ni, Samalah macam huraian bab 4. Tak ada masalah. Jadi yang ini, dia punya perenggan Terpulanglah kepada teori awak pilih. kita ada banyak teori. saya bagi teori dan teori wacana ini saya ingat sekarang ada banyak lagi. teori-teori kejuruteraan lain, ke teori sains lain, teori ekonomi lain, teori reka bentuk lain, jadi berbeza okey. Jadi akhirnya kita dah lepas habis keputusan perbincangan, kita ada rumusan. Kalau kita tengok dekat sini ya, Sebelum tu sebulan tu, sebab kita ada nak rumuskan keputusan dan perbincangan, kita ada rumusan, rumuskan, rumuskan dalam satu perenggan.
Serupa juga dalam bab empat, kita rumuskan kita kena sokong, sokong Kajian yang atas tadi. dekat-dekat sorotan kita ada yang ada dalam tesis. maknanya yang ada dalam tesis, eh dalam artikel. Okey atas tadi yang kita ni yang ada dalam ni. Okey jadi sokong, itupun sokonglah sendiri, sama pun cara penulisan dia sama dengan cara penulisan nak buat rumusan dalam bab 4. Kemudian akhirnya kesimpulan. Okey dalam kesimpulan ni, dalam ini saya dah jelaskan apa yang sepatutnya ada dalam kesimpulan. Okey dalam kesimpulan ni menjelaskan, memberi menfaat pula, menjelaskan manfaat yang diperoleh daripada keputusan kajian, Maknanya awak jelaskan manfaat kepada siapa, keputusan kita dapat ni, yang kita buat ni kepada siapa. awak jelaskan tiap-tiap satu dalam satu perenggan.
Ayat akhir, kesimpulan itu tadi. ini samalah yang dengan, dengan awak manfaat yang tadi memberi makna kepada siapa dalam kesimpulan. dalam ini tidak perlu rujukan. jangan nak ada rujukan pula dalam kesimpulan. sebab kita dah ada rujukan, dah sokong. kesimpulan ni kita nak beri manfaat je. Jadi tak perlulah rujukan, tak perlu rujukan. Kemudian ayat akhir dalam kesimpulan, akhir tadi kita letaklah diharapkan kajian akan datang, ingat tak yang ayat saya cakap tadi ayat tu ada dalam yang diharapkan dalam abstrak. Janganlah copy paste, ubahlah. Diharapkan, kajian akan datang akan memberi Fokus kepada lirik lagu cerita rakyat. Contoh dia, jadi ada kaitan lah. ini macam cadangan kita, cadangan akan datang kita. Inilah kita masuk dalam ayat akhir. jadi dalam ini terpulang sebenarnya kepada jurnal atau bab dalam buku. Jumlah perkataan biasanya 5500, ada yang orang apa, jurnal yang kata dia sangat ketat dia punya peraturan, dia kata okey satu artikel dia boleh terima 3000 je. Jadi jangan lebih Kalau lebih biasanya dia suruh bayar. Terpulang kepada dia je nak ada berapa.
Okay, let's write an article. Usually master students or phd students are usually required to write articles to be published. so we can I can teach a brief yes how we want to write a good article, which we can publish. so to a student who has never been published he will feel proud Usually articles in journals or chapters in books, are usually almost the same. So we are here, we have a title. The title must be interesting, interesting so that people want to read our article, we include the abstract, our abstract, it depends on the journal which has how many words. sometimes 250 to 30. then there is an introduction, there is a study highlight. the highlights of this study are up to the respective authors. Sometimes he doesn't put the word of the study highlight, he puts the title! kind of example for the animation of folklore he put there, in that which is the highlight of the study. then there are methodologies, decisions and discussions, conclusions and references. Not a bibliography anymore, reference. So in this one we are, Starting we focus on the title, the title should be interesting. Usually the title is a journal, the article can usually not be more than 20 words. So this abstract we said, if we write in Malay Malay BM write a letter accompanied by an abstract in English to make it more clear. in this abstract we will place the example of the sentence, the final sentence is about five sentences, five four or five sentences like the verse of the preface, this preface is the example We put it like the background and also the problems faced. research problems until the emergence we want to do this study. This sentence is followed by an objective sentence then there is a methodology. This methodology We have to put it. If there is a sample, the sample and so on is the location. Who are we? If there is no need to place, like that. location then all up to kir.i procedure should be there, how to analyze what kind, analysis should be there, then from the description here we put we have a decision. the results of our study we put in this abstract. We put the results and the final sentence we will put what you expect in the next study. hopefully future studies will focus on What he is What he is. the last sentence must be there. then accompanied by keywords. Okay keywords usually have five. There are five keywords and it is followed by an introduction.
Usually this introduction this introduction you can put in more or less is we want to get to know this we put we have our background. We want to tell you about your name, the characteristics of what is related to the title of the story just now. so this introduction sometimes you put in one paragraph. This is quite important because there is a journal that he is very, very strict his rules yes. This introduction is people, some people put it in the form of highlights in it. so that's what to reject, so it's up to the existing journal. which is up to you, read back what instructions are given, he one paragraph ni put like the background then enter the highlight. so this is a paragraph on the highlight just like I said you can't put the study highlight word or put the title on it. for example animated folklore. can be between two. so highlighted. This one you put in four paragraphs. Okay put in four paragraphs that have the focus of a study five years back only. Okay? 5 years ago and also need critique, do not be like I taught in chapter 2. If not critical right, he stands by himself je. That can't be the critical meaning. meaning when the description in one paragraph there is a Communist name support with other studies parallel to almost the same to what support put kat there also put negative also that like this study people say killer study by normaliza abd Rahim 2019 found people say no agree, do not agree with the study conducted by ni ni ni ni ni, put why he does not agree tu. Got it! that's the name of the game, finding similarities and differences is okay. Okay? These are four, four paragraphs and then we go in, before finishing je on the highlights of the study, there is an objective sentence. objective sentence yes, not a subtopic. Usually just a sentence, in one sentence that is a word, therefore this study is therefore from the spotlight, the problem of the study is all, here there is a research gap and here all he has a research gap. So this study wants to identify and discuss What he is, What he is, What he is, What he is. tak payah je. so this is a sentence that is after the highlight of the study. This means another paragraph, This is a new paragraph. So this is another paragraph / Okay another paragraph, so that paragraph has one sentence. he must continue to enter the title of the methodology. You have to complete this methodology, everything that is close in the methodology.
Explain. You have to describe what kind of one there is in the thesis. there are samples, there are locations, there are procedures, there are analyzes, there are materials. if for example there is that material, you have to put the synopsis of the material is a synopsis of the novel for example. short story synopsis for example, any synopsis. We have to have it all. So this is a procedure, this is an analysis, this can be referenced. refer back to the chapter on the methodology of writing a thesis, put it in here, then enter the title of the decision and discussion. so this decision and discussion which was just a theory is in the methodology. the result of this discussion he has a subtitle to know, if he asks follow the subtitle must follow the theory. For example the content in the conversation interaction for example. so the meaning of these titles, these titles are from theory. Then there is the context in the conversation interaction. in the conversation interaction haa so. so Is he, the description of him in this, Same as the description of chapter 4. No problem. So this one, he has a paragraph Depends on the theory you choose. we have many theories. I share these theories and theories of discourse I remember now there are many more. other engineering theories, to other science theories, other economic theories, other design theories, so different okey. So finally we have finished the results of the discussion, we have a conclusion. If we look closely here, yes, before that a month, because we want to formulate decisions and discussions, we have formulas, formulate, formulate in one paragraph.
Similarly in chapter four, we conclude that we have to support, support the above study. near our spotlight there is something in the thesis. the meaning contained in the thesis, eh in the article. Okay, just now that we are the ones in here. Okay so support, then support yourself, even if the way he writes is the same as the way he wants to make a conclusion in chapter 4. Then finally the conclusion. Okay in this conclusion, in this I have explained what should be in the conclusion. Okay in this conclusion, explain, give benefits, explain the benefits obtained from the results of the study, It means you explain the benefits to whom, the results we get, the ones we make this to whom. You explain each one in a paragraph.
The last sentence, the conclusion just now. This is the same as, with you the benefits that were given meaning to whom in conclusion. in this there is no need for reference. do not want any reference in the conclusion. because we already have a reference, we already support. In conclusion, we want to benefit. So there is no need for reference, no need for reference. Then the last sentence in the conclusion, at the end we put the expected future study, remember that the sentence I said earlier the sentence is in the expected in the abstract. Do not copy paste, change. Hopefully, future studies will focus on the lyrics of folklore songs. An example of him, so there is a connection. This is like our suggestion, our next suggestion. This is what we enter in the last sentence. so in this it really depends on the journal or chapter in the book. The number of words is usually 5500, some people what, a journal that says he is very strict he has rules, he says okey one article he can accept 3000 je. So don't do more If he usually tells you to pay. It depends on him how much he wants.
RUJUKAN :
Normaliza Abd Rahim. (2019). Jom Tulis Tesis. Serdang: Penerbit Universiti Putra Malaysia.
